The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to seize a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.